Q:
"Why do very religious men wear long black
garments only, even in summertime?"
Ron and Jodi, Travellers
A:
Dear friends,
Black, scientifically, is
the absence of color. Wearing black-only indicates lack of concern for
color and other dictates of fashion, and thus helps keep priorities
straight. In old sociological terms: to be inner-directed rather than
other-directed. Anyway, it sure eliminates the pressure of deciding
what to wear each morning!
Long garments are a sign of respect. Nowadays,
most people wear them only at the fanciest of affairs. Some religious
Jews wear them only on special occasions, such as Shabbat and Festivals.
Others feel that every moment is a special occasion, because at every
moment one has to be constantly prepared for prayer, Torah study, etc.
Now, if there are good reasons for wearing long black
garments (at least, you’ll grant, in the minds of those that wear them),
why should summertime with its increased temperatures make a difference?
If you were invited to a formal affair or to an important meeting that
you would wear a suit-and-tie or a long dress in the winter, if it were
in the summer would you wear a tanktop and shorts instead?
“Aha!” you say; “my summer outfit would be made of
much lighter material.” Believe me, the thinnest cloth you will
ever encounter is that black stuff draped over some of those very religious
men. And if you say, “So what? White would be cooler still,” the
answer comes back, “Maybe it is not the most important thing in life to
be as cool as possible” (pun intended).
By the way, in this latter part of the question, about
comfort in summer, I detect some chauvinism. You look for overdressed-for-summer
religious people and see only men! What about the long sleeved, stockinged,
and bewigged women?
Seriously: for those men, style of clothing is at
most a custom. For women, these matters are tied up with the Laws of Modesty.
Varying traditions and interpretations play a role too. Thus, the different
traditions of stockings or bare feet and ankles, short sleeves or long
sleeves, mostly emerge from a centuries-old dispute about whether the
words used in the classic texts for ‘leg’ and ‘arm’ denotes ‘thigh’ or
‘calf,’ and till above or below the elbow.
Some women wear a wig because they feel it is ultra
modest, as it securely hides every strand of their own hair. Others
prefer scarves and the like because they feel wigs are too natural-looking
and attractive, which is the very reason that yet another set of women
prefer wigs to scarves. I guess from every perspective, wigs are
the hottest items (again, pun intended). On the other hand, some
women wear scarves or hats in a manner that allows some hair to show,
relying on the authorities that permit such and not wanting to appear
too extreme.
I once overheard a conversation where a girl in shorts
asked a women in stockings on a 90 degree day, “Aren’t you HOT?”
The latter shot back, “Aren’t YOU hot?”
“Yes.”
“Okay, so I’m a little hotter.”
She didn’t add, “But I don’t care because it’s worth
it,” but you could hear it anyway.
The person who suffers most from heat is not the one
with the heaviest clothes; it’s the one with nothing else to think about
other than one’s own comfort. Next time you get caught in a heat wave
in Israel, look at faces as well as clothes, and see who seems to be bearing
up the best.
Sincerely,
Yrachmiel Tilles
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