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Weekly Chasidic Story #1250 (s5782-12)
18 Kislev 5782/Nov.22, 2021
"A Chasidic Megillah"
He would recite the details of the epic story at night and again in the morning,
the same as is done with Megillat Esther. Connection: YUD-TES KISLEV Story
in PDF
format for more convenient printing
The
Chassidic Megillah
Rabbi Nachum son of
Rabbi Dov Ber and the grandson of Rabbi Shneur Zalman of Liadi,
was an eye-witness of the events of the Yud-Tes Kislev epic. He took upon himself
to describe it in all its details, year after year. He would start as follows.
"For
ten years my grandfather was a disciple of Rabbi Dov-Ber, the Maggid of Mezritch,[1]
and for five years the leader of the 'holy brotherhood' - until he became renowned
as the preacher of Liozna. For twenty years he toiled in a number of tasks.
"The
first of these was the establishment and consolidation of the three celebrated
chadarim. In the first of these three study halls, which he founded in1778,
he taught his disciples for five consecutive years. The entrance requirements
included a thorough familiarity with the Talmud, Midrash, Sefer HaIkkarim
and Kuzari, and a knowledge of Zohar.
"The second cheder
was established in 1780, and the third in 1782; the usual period of study
in each of these more advanced stages was three years.
"My grandfather's
other tasks in this period included the guidance of his chassidim, and his endeavors
at spreading and explaining the doctrines of his teachers, the Baal Shem Tov and
the Maggid of Mezritch. When the various regions were allocated to the disciples
of the Maggid for this purpose, my grandfather undertook the most difficult, for
this area was nearest to Lithuania. "When Tanya first appeared
- and by that time there were already (thank G-d) tens of thousands of chasidim,
including scholars and halachic authorities who followed his legal decisions (as
in the construction of the mikveh, the insistence on honed slaughtering
knives for shechitah, and so on) - that was when the libelous accusation took
place."
(Actually, the title used by Reb Nachum for Tanya was "Kuntresim".
Before Tanya was first published as a book in 1796, its subject matter was disseminated
among the chasidim in the form of single handwritten chapters and even half-chapters,
which were called kuntresim -'leaflets'. For this reason, the older chassidim
who remembered those days continued to use this name for the work even after it
was printed as a book with a title.)
At this point Reb Nachum would proceed
to describe in detail the libelous accusation which the misnagdim (opponents)
brought to the Czarist authorities and the exultation in their camp when the Rebbe
was taken to St. Petersburg. For example, when on Sunday, the twenty-seventh of
Tishrei 1798, word reached their main cities of Vilna, Minsk and Shklov that he
had been taken off to St. Petersburg in the black wagon, guarded by gendarmes
with swords drawn, it was announced publicly that on the next day, Monday, all
the synagogues should introduce the Psalms of the Hallel into the morning
service and the townsmen should conduct a festive meal to mark the occasion.
Fortunately, this announcement encountered opposition from some of the older
sages in the misnagdish camp, for in each of these three towns there were
scholars who had the opportunity of getting to know Reb Shneur Zalman, and they
exerted whatever influence they could have to restrain these expression of vindictiveness.
Thus it was that in the majority of synagogues in these three towns the announcements
encouraging merrymaking were ignored.
From this Reb Nachum would move on
to the Alter Rebbe's stay in prison, the liberation, the way in which the glad
tidings spread, and the itinerary from St. Petersburg to Liozna.
All this
was recounted clearly and succinctly. When he recalled the arrest his voice would
drop unawares, as if he were weeping; when he reached liberation, his voice would
rise with the joy of a remembered triumph. In addition, he adopted the
rule in force for the reading of the Megillah on Purim - once at night
and a full repetition by day. Moreover, if one of the dignified old chassidim
would join the gathering after it had begun, he would go back to the very beginning
and start all over again. ~~~~~~~~~~~~
[1]The
Maggid passed away on Yud-Tes Kislev, a quarter century before R. Shneur Zalman
was liberated on the same date. His last words to his precious disciple were:
"Yud-Tes Kislev, a day of celebration for me and you!" Source:
Adapted and supplemented by Yerachmiel Tilles from A Treasury of Chassidic
Tales on the Festivals by Rabbi S.Y. Zevin, as translated by R. Uri Kaploun.
Biographical
note: Rabbi Nachum Shneuri was the eldest son of the second Chabad
rebbe, Rabbi Dov-Ber. Upon his father's passing at age 54, many turned to Rabbi
Nachum to assume the role of successor, but he deferred to his brother-in-law,
Rabbi Menachem-Mendel Schneersohn, the eventual third rebbe, known as the Tzemek
Tzedek.
Yerachmiel
Tilles is co-founder and associate director of Ascent-of-Safed, and chief editor
of this website (and of KabbalaOnline.org). He has hundreds of published stories
to his credit, and many have been translated into other languages. He tells them
live at Ascent nearly every Saturday night.
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